National insurance

Class 1

Employees start paying Class 1 NIC from age 16 (if sufficient earnings).

Employers pay Class 1 NIC in accordance with the table below.

Employer NIC for employees under the age of 21 and apprentices under the age of 25 is reduced from the normal rate of 13.8% to 0% up to the Upper Secondary Threshold.

Employees Class 1 NIC stop when they reach their ‘State Pension age’. The employer’s contribution continues.

Employees

2019/20:

Entitlement to state pension and other ‘contribution-based benefits’ is retained for earnings between £118 and £166 per week

2018/19:

Entitlement to state pension and other ‘contribution-based benefits’ is retained for earnings between £116 and £162 per week

Employers

2019/20:

2018/19:

Other National Insurance payable by employers

Class 1A

13.8% on broadly all taxable benefits provided to employees.

Class 1B

13.8% on PAYE Settlement Agreements.

Class 2 and 4 (self-employed)

A self-employed person starts paying Class 2 and Class 4 NIC from 16 or over (if sufficient profits).

Class 2 NIC stop when a person reaches State Pension age.

Class 4 NIC stop from the start of the tax year after the one in which the person reaches State Pension age.

2019/20:

2018/19:

1. No Class 2 is due if the amount of trading profits assessable to income tax and Class 4 NIC is below this figure. However, a person might decide to carry on paying Class 2 voluntarily to accrue entitlement to the State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.

Class 4

2019/20:

2018/19:

Class 3

A person needs 35 years (30 years if State Pension age is before 6 April 2016) of NIC to get a full State Pension.

Class 3 voluntary contributions can be paid to fill or avoid gaps in a NI record.

Flat rate per week: £15.00 (2018/19: £14.65)